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NEW QUESTION 1
When enabling interdomain multicast routing, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
Answer: BD
Explanation:
http://prakashkalsaria.wordpress.com/2010/08/11/mbgp-msdp/
MSDP In the PIM-SM model, multicast sources and receivers must register with their local RP. Actually, the router closest to the sources or receivers registers with the RP, but the key point to note is that the RP knows about all the sources and receivers for any particular
group. RPs in other domains have no way of knowing about sources located in other domains. MSDP is an elegant way to solve this problem.
MSDP is a mechanism that allows RPs to share information about active sources. RPs know about the receivers in their local domain. When RPs in remote domains hear about the active sources, they can pass on that information to their local receivers and multicast data can then be forwarded between the domains. A useful feature of MSDP is that it allows each domain to maintain an independent RP that does not rely on other domains, but it does enable RPs to forward traffic between domains. PIM-SM is used to forward the traffic between the multicast domains.
The RP in each domain establishes an MSDP peering session using a TCP connection with the RPs in other domains or with border routers leading to the other domains. When the RP learns about a new multicast source within its own domain (through the normal PIM register mechanism), the RP encapsulates the first data packet in a Source-Active (SA) message and sends the SA to all MSDP peers. The SA is forwarded by each receiving peer using a modified RPF check, until the SA reaches every MSDP router in the interconnected networks—theoretically the entire multicast internet. If the receiving MSDP peer is an RP, and the RP has a (*, G) entry for the group in the SA (there is an interested receiver), the RP creates (S, G) state for the source and joins to the shortest path tree for the source. The encapsulated data is decapsulated and forwarded down the shared tree of that RP. When the packet is received by the last hop router of the receiver, the last hop router also may join the shortest path tree to the source. The MSDP speaker periodically sends SAs that include all sources within the own domain of the RP
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios_xr_sw/iosxr_r3.2/routing/configuration/guide/rc32bgp.html
Multiprotocol BGP
Multiprotocol BGP is an enhanced BGP that carries routing information for multiple network layer protocols and IP multicast routes. BGP carries two sets of routes, one set for unicast routing and one set for multicast routing.
The routes associated with multicast routing are used by the Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) feature to build data distribution trees.
Multiprotocol BGP is useful when you want a link dedicated to multicast traffic, perhaps to limit which resources are used for which traffic. Multiprotocol BGP allows you to have a unicast routing topology different from a multicast routing topology providing more control over your network and resources.
In BGP, the only way to perform interdomain multicast routing was to use the BGP infrastructure that was in place for unicast routing. Perhaps you want all multicast traffic exchanged at one network access point (NAP).
If those routers were not multicast capable, or there were differing policies for which you wanted multicast traffic to flow, multicast routing could not be supported without multiprotocol BGP.
Note It is possible to configure BGP peers that exchange both unicast and multicast network layer reachability information (NLRI), but you cannot connect multiprotocol BGP clouds with a BGP cloud. That is, you cannot redistribute multiprotocol BGP routes into BGP.
NEW QUESTION 2
Refer to the Cisco IOS-XR show output exhibit.
Which statement is correct?
Answer: C
Explanation:
show bgp neighbors
Use the show bgp neighbors command to display information about the BGP configuration for neighbors.
•Use the configuration option to display the effective configuration for the neighbor, including any settings that have been inherited from session groups, neighbor groups, or af-groups used by this neighbor.
•Use the inheritance option to display the session groups, neighbor groups, and af-groups from which this neighbor inherits configuration settings.
The following example displays sample output from the show bgp af-group command using the configuration keyword. This example shows where each configuration item was
inherited from. The default-originate command was configured directly on this address family group (indicated by [ ]). The remove-private-as command was inherited from address family group GROUP_2, which in turn inherited from address family group GROUP_3:
NEW QUESTION 3
Which multicast implementation is preferred for traffic that is required by a small number of receivers across a large distributed network?
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 4
Which two actions result when a network administrator attempts to ping an IPv6 host on the LAN? (Choose two.)
Answer: BC
NEW QUESTION 5
Which type of BGP session behaves like an EBGP session during session establishment but behaves like an IBGP session when propagating routing updates where the local preference, multi-exit discriminator, and next-hop attributes are not changed?
Answer: E
Explanation:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios_xr_sw/iosxr_r3.7/routing/configuration/guide/rc37bgp.html#wp1191371
BGP Routing Domain Confederation
One way to reduce the iBGP mesh is to divide an autonomous system into multiple subautonomous systems and group them into a single confederation. To the outside world, the confederation looks like a single autonomous system. Each autonomous system is fully meshed within itself and has a few connections to other autonomous systems in the same confederation. Although the peers in different autonomous systems have eBGP sessions, they exchange routing information as if they were iBGP peers. Specifically, the next hop, MED, and local preference information is preserved. This feature allows you to retain a single IGP for all of the autonomous systems.
NEW QUESTION 6
Which command set should be used for a 6to4 tunnel in a Cisco IOS XE router, considering the border interface with IPv4 address of 209.165.201.2?
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 7
Refer to the exhibit.
Which two statements regarding the BGP peerlngs are correct? (Choose two)
Answer: AE
Explanation:
#show ip bgp
NEW QUESTION 8
Which two statements regarding Auto RP operations and implementations are correct? (Choose two.)
Answer: AD
Explanation:
Auto-RP
Automatic route processing (Auto-RP) is a feature that automates the distribution of group- to-RP mappings in a PIM network. This feature has these benefits:
It is easy to use multiple RPs within a network to serve different group ranges. It allows load splitting among different RPs.
It facilitates the arrangement of RPs according to the location of group participants.
It avoids inconsistent, manual RP configurations that might cause connectivity problems. Multiple RPs can be used to serve different group ranges or to serve as hot backups for each other. To ensure that Auto-RP functions, configure routers as candidate RPs so that they can announce their interest in operating as an RP for certain group ranges. Additionally, a router must be designated as an RP-mapping agent that receives the RP- announcement messages from the candidate RPs, and arbitrates conflicts. The RPmapping agent sends the consistent group-to-RP mappings to all remaining routers. Thus, all routers automatically determine which RP to use for the groups they support auto- rp candidate-rp
To configure a router as a Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) rendezvous point (RP) candidate that sends messages to the well-known CISCO-RP-ANNOUNCE multicast group
(224.0.1.39), use the auto-rp candidaterp command in PIM configuration mode. To return to the default behavior, use the no form of this command. auto-rp candidate-rp type interface-path-id scope ttl-value [ group-list access-listname ] [ interval seconds ] [bidir] no auto-rp candidate-rp type interface-path-id scope ttl-value [ group-list access-listname] [ interval seconds ] [bidir]
NEW QUESTION 9
Which two specific characteristics categorize traceroute in an IPv6 routing environment? (Choose two.)
Answer: AD
NEW QUESTION 10
Which optionshowsthe equivalent multicast MAC address mapping of multicast address 239.210.101.190?
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 11
Which two options areadvantages of an IPv6 dual-stack implementation in an enterprise environment? (Choose two.)
Answer: DE
NEW QUESTION 12
Refer to the topology diagram shown in the exhibit and the partial configurations shown below.
Once the attack from 209.165.201.144/28 to 209.165.202.128/28 has been detected, which additional configurations are required on the P1 IOS-XR router to implement source-based remote-triggered black hole filtering?
!
router bgp 123
address-family ipv4 unicast redistribute static route-policy test
!
Answer: C
Explanation:
Source-Based RTBH Filtering
With destination-based black holing, all traffic to a specific destination is dropped after the black hole has been activated, regardless of where it is coming from. Obviously, this could include legitimate traffic destined for the target. Source-based black holes provide the ability to drop traffic at the network edge based on a specific source address or range of source addresses.
If the source address (or range of addresses) of the attack can be identified (spoofed or not), it would be better to drop all traffic at the edge based on the source address, regardless of the destination address. This would permit legitimate traffic from other sources to reach the target. Implementation of source-based black hole filtering depends on Unicast Reverse Path Forwarding (uRPF), most often loose mode uRPF. Loose mode uRPF checks the packet and forwards it if there is a route entry for the source IP of the incoming packet in the router forwarding information base (FIB). If the router does not have an FIB entry for the source IP address, or if the entry points to a null interface, the Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) check fails and the packet is dropped, as shown in Figure 2. Because uRPF validates a source IP address against its FIB entry, dropping traffic from specific source addresses is accomplished by configuring loose mode uRPF on the external interface and ensuring the RPF check fails by inserting a route to the source with a next hop of Null0. This can be done by using a trigger device to send IBGP updates. These updates set the next hop for the source IP to an unused IP address that has a static entry at the edge, setting it to null as shown in Figure 2.
NEW QUESTION 13
Refer to the Cisco IOS DHCPv6 configuration shown in the exhibit.
Which statement is correct?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Server Configuration
In Global Configuration Mode ipv6 unciast-routing
ipv6 dhcp pool <pool name>
address prefix <specify address prefix> lifetime <infinite> <infinite> dns-server <specify the dns server address>
domain-name <specify the domain name> exit
In Interface Configuration Mode
ipv6 address <specify IPv6 Address>
ipv6 dhcp server <server name>rapid-commit Client Configuration
In Global Configuration Mode enable
configure terminal ipv6 unicast-routing
In Interface Configuration Mode ipv6 address dhcp rapid commit ipv6 enable
exit
NEW QUESTION 14
A service providerrequests more details about the recent Inter-AS MPLS VPN Option B configuration that was recently deployed. Consider this configuration:
router bgp 3717
address-family vpnv4 unicast retain route-target all
commit
!
Which option describes why this particular command is needed?
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 15
Which two methods represent IPv6 tunneling implementations? (Choose two.)
Answer: BC
NEW QUESTION 16
Refer to the exhibit.
Router A and Router B are connected via GigabitEthernet interfaces, but they are unable to form an MSDP neighborship. Which two components must be addressed when fixing the MSDP peering issue? (Choose two.)
Answer: DF
NEW QUESTION 17
Which statement is correct regarding using the TTL threshold to define the delivery boundaries of multicast traffic?
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 18
Refer to the Cisco IOS configuration exhibit.
Which statement is correct?
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 19
Refer to the exhibit.
Which three statements regarding the BGP operations are correct? (Choose three)
Answer: CEF
Explanation:
#sh ip bgp | be Network
#sh ip bgp
#show ip bgp neighbors
NEW QUESTION 20
When implementing high-availability stateful switchover BGP routing, in which situation would Cisco NSR be required?
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 21
Which keyword is used in the syntax to refer to Cisco IOS XR address-family groups, session groups, or neighbor groups?
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 22
Refer to the exhibit.
Which three statements are correct regarding the various multicast groups? (Choose three.)
Answer: CDE
Explanation:
#show ip mroute
NEW QUESTION 23
Which two features are used to provide high availability multicast? (Choose two.)
Answer: BD
Explanation:
Triggered joins are sent when the primary or the secondary RPF information changes. No RPF change prunes are sent for MoFRR streams.
mofrr
To perform a fast convergence (multicast-only fast reroute, or MoFRR) of specified routes/flows when a failure is detected on one of multiple equal-cost paths between the router and the source, use the mofrr command under PIM configuration mode.
mofrr rib acl_name no rib acl_name
NEW QUESTION 24
A network engineer must deploy an iBGP-based cloud region configuration by means of templates to reduce the overall BGP CLI required. Which three commands represent a basic configuration for a BGP peer session template on a regular Cisco IOS instance? (Choose three.)
Answer: ABF
NEW QUESTION 25
Which Cisco IOS XR command setssuccessfully configure a value of 20 for the advertisement-interval?
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 26
......
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