AWS-Solution-Architect-Associate Exam
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Q211. Which of the following statements is true of creating a launch configuration using an EC2 instance?
A. The launch configuration can be created only using the Query APIs.
B. Auto Scaling automatically creates a launch configuration directly from an EC2 instance.
C. A user should manually create a launch configuration before creating an Auto Scaling group.
D. The launch configuration should be created manually from the AWS CLI.
Answer: B
Explanation:
You can create an Auto Scaling group directly from an EC2 instance. When you use this feature, Auto Scaling automatically creates a launch configuration for you as well.
Reference:
http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AutoScaling/latest/DeveIoperGuide/create-Ic-with-instancelD.htmI
Q212. Your company is in the process of developing a next generation pet collar that collects biometric information to assist families with promoting healthy lifestyles for their pets Each collar will push 30kb of biometric data In JSON format every 2 seconds to a collection platform that will process and analyze the data providing health trending information back to the pet owners and veterinarians via a web portal Management has tasked you to architect the collection platform ensuring the following requirements are met.
Provide the ability for real-time analytics of the inbound biometric data Ensure processing of the biometric data is highly durable. Elastic and parallel The results of the analytic processing should be persisted for data mining
Which architecture outlined below win meet the initial requirements for the collection platform?
A. Utilize 53 to collect the inbound sensor data analyze the data from 53 with a daily scheduled Data Pipeline and save the results to a Redshift Cluster.
B. Utilize Amazon Kinesis to collect the inbound sensor data, analyze the data with Kinesis clients and save the results to a Red shift cluster using EMR.
C. Utilize SQS to collect the inbound sensor data analyze the data from SQS with Amazon Kinesis and save the results to a Mcrosoft SQL Server RDS instance.
D. Utilize EMR to collect the inbound sensor data, analyze the data from EUR with Amazon Kinesis and save me results to Dynamo DB.
Answer: B
Q213. You have a Business support plan with AWS. One of your EC2 instances is running Mcrosoft Windows Server 2008 R2 and you are having problems with the software. Can you receive support from AWS for this software?
A. Yes
B. No, AWS does not support any third-party software.
C. No, Mcrosoft Windows Server 2008 R2 is not supported.
D. No, you need to be on the enterprise support plan.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Third-party software support is available only to AWS Support customers enrolled for Business or Enterprise Support. Third-party support applies only to software running on Amazon EC2 and does not extend to assisting with on-premises software. An exception to this is a VPN tunnel configuration running supported devices for Amazon VPC.
Reference: https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/features/
Q214. You can seamlessly join an EC2 instance to your directory domain. What connectMty do you need to be able to connect remotely to this instance?
A. You must have IP connectMty to the instance from the network you are connecting from.
B. You must have the correct encryption keys to connect to the instance remotely.
C. You must have enough bandwidth to connect to the instance.
D. You must use MFA authentication to be able to connect to the instance remotely.
Answer: A
Explanation:
You can seamlessly join an EC2 instance to your directory domain when the instance is launched using the Amazon EC2 Simple Systems Manager. If you need to manuallyjoin an EC2 instance to your domain, you must launch the instance in the proper region and security group or subnet, then join the instance to the domain. To be able to connect remotely to these instances, you must have IP connectMty to the instances from the network you are connecting from. In most cases, this requires that an Internet gateway be attached to your VPC and that the instance has a public IP address.
Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/directoryservice/latest/admin-guide/join_a_directory.html
Q215. Does AWS CIoudFormation support Amazon EC2 tagging?
A. Yes, AWS CIoudFormation supports Amazon EC2 tagging
B. No, CIoudFormation doesn’t support any tagging
C. No, it doesn’t support Amazon EC2 tagging.
D. It depends if the Amazon EC2 tagging has been defined in the template.
Answer: A
Explanation:
In AWS CIoudFormation, Amazon EC2 resources that support the tagging feature can also be tagged in an AWS template. The tag values can refer to template parameters, other resource names, resource attribute values (e.g. addresses), or values computed by simple functions (e.g., a concatenated list of strings).
Reference: http://aws.amazon.com/c|oudformation/faqs/
Q216. A company is running a batch analysis every hour on their main transactional DB. running on an RDS MySQL instance to populate their central Data Warehouse running on Redshift During the execution of the batch their transactional applications are very slow When the batch completes they need to update the top management dashboard with the new data The dashboard is produced by another system running on-premises that is currently started when a manually-sent email notifies that an update is required The on-premises system cannot be modified because is managed by another team.
How would you optimize this scenario to solve performance issues and automate the process as much as possible?
A. Replace RDS with Redshift for the batch analysis and SNS to notify the on-premises system to update the dashboard
B. Replace ROS with Redshift for the oaten analysis and SQS to send a message to the on-premises system to update the dashboard
C. Create an RDS Read Replica for the batch analysis and SNS to notify me on-premises system to update the dashboard
D. Create an RDS Read Replica for the batch analysis and SQS to send a message to the on-premises system to update the dashboard.
Answer: A
Q217. Select the most correct
The device name /dev/sdal (within Amazon EC2) is _
A. Possible for EBS volumes
B. Reserved for the root device
C. Recommended for EBS volumes
D. Recommended for instance store volumes
Answer: B
Q218. Your application is using an ELB in front of an Auto Scaling group of web/application sewers deployed across two AZs and a MuIti-AZ RDS Instance for data persistence.
The database CPU is often above 80% usage and 90% of 1/0 operations on the database are reads. To improve performance you recently added a single-node Memcached EIastiCache Cluster to cache frequent DB query results. In the next weeks the overall workload is expected to grow by 30%.
Do you need to change anything in the architecture to maintain the high availability or the application with the anticipated additional load? Why?
A. Yes, you should deploy two Memcached EIastiCache Clusters in different AZs because the RDS instance will not be able to handle the load if the cache node fails.
B. No, if the cache node fails you can always get the same data from the DB without having any availability impact.
C. No, if the cache node fails the automated EIastiCache node recovery feature will prevent any availability impact.
D. Yes, you should deploy the Memcached EIastiCache Cluster with two nodes in the same AZ as the RDS DB master instance to handle the load if one cache node fails.
Answer: A
Explanation:
EIastiCache for Memcached
The primary goal of caching is typically to offload reads from your database or other primary data source. In most apps, you have hot spots of data that are regularly queried, but only updated periodically. Think of the front page of a blog or news site, or the top 100 leaderboard in an online game. In this type of case, your app can receive dozens, hundreds, or even thousands of requests for the same data before it's updated again. Having your caching layer handle these queries has several advantages. First, it's considerably cheaper to add an in-memory cache than to scale up to a larger database cluster. Second,
an in-memory cache is also easier to scale out, because it's easier to distribute an in-memory cache horizontally than a relational database.
Last, a caching layer provides a request buffer in the event of a sudden spike in usage. If your app or game ends up on the front page of Reddit or the App Store, it's not unheard of to see a spike that is 10 to 100 times your normal application load. Even if you autoscale your application instances, a IOx request spike will likely make your database very unhappy.
Let's focus on EIastiCache for Memcached first, because it is the best fit for a caching focused solution. We'II revisit Redislater in the paper, and weigh its advantages and disadvantages.
Architecture with EIastiCache for Memcached
When you deploy an EIastiCache Memcached cluster, it sits in your application as a separate tier alongside your database. As mentioned previously, Amazon EIastiCache does not directly communicate with your database tier, or indeed have any particular knowledge of your database. A simplified deployment for a web application looks something like this:
In this architecture diagram, the Amazon EC2 application instances are in an Auto Scaling group, located behind a load balancer using Elastic Load Balancing, which distributes requests among the instances. As requests come into a given EC2 instance, that EC2 instance is responsible for communicating with EIastiCache and the database tier. For development purposes, you can begin with a single EIastiCache node to test your application, and then scale to additional cluster nodes by modifying t he EIastiCache cluster. As you add additional cache nodes, the EC2 application instances are able to distribute cache keys across multiple EIastiCache nodes. The most common practice is to use client-side sharding to distribute keys across cache nodes, which we will discuss later in this paper.
When you launch an EIastiCache cluster, you can choose the Availability Zone(s) that the cluster lives in. For best performance, you should configure your cluster to use the same Availability Zones as your application servers. To launch an EIastiCache cluster in a specific Availability Zone, make sure to specify the Preferred Zone(s) option during cache cluster creation. The Availability Zones that you specify will be where EIastiCache will launch your cache nodes. We recommend that you select Spread Nodes Across Zones, which tells EIastiCache to distribute cache nodes across these zones as evenly as possible. This distribution will mitigate the impact of an Availability Zone disruption on your E|astiCache nodes. The trade-off is that some of the requests from your application to EIastiCache will go to a node in a different Availability Zone, meaning latency will be slightly higher.
For more details, refer to Creating a Cache Cluster in the Amazon EIastiCache User Guide.
As mentioned at the outset, EIastiCache can be coupled with a wide variety of databases. Here is an example architecture that uses Amazon DynamoDB instead of Amazon RDS and IV|ySQL:
This combination of DynamoDB and EIastiCache is very popular with mobile and game companies, because DynamoDB allows for higher write throughput at lower cost than traditional relational databases. In addition, DynamoDB uses a key-value access pattern similar to EIastiCache, which also simplifies the programming model. Instead of using relational SQL for the primary database but then key-value patterns for the cache, both the primary database and cache can be programmed similarly.
In this architecture pattern, DynamoDB remains the source of truth for data, but application reads are offloaded to EIastiCache for a speed boost.
Q219. You have been asked to set up monitoring of your network and you have decided that Cloudwatch would be the best service to use. Amazon CIoudWatch monitors your Amazon Web Services (AWS) resources and the applications you run on AWS in real-time. You can use CIoudWatch to collect and track metrics, which are the variables you want to measure for your resources and applications. Which of the following items listed can AWS Cloudwatch monitor?
A. Log files your applications generate.
B. All of the items listed on this page.
C. System-wide visibility into resource utilization, application performance, and operational health.
D. Custom metrics generated by your applications and services .
Answer: B
Explanation:
Amazon CIoudWatch can monitor AWS resources such as Amazon EC2 instances, Amazon DynamoDB tables, and Amazon RDS DB instances, as well as custom metrics generated by your applications and services, and any log files your applications generate. You can use Amazon CIoudWatch to gain
system-wide visibility into resource utilization, application performance, and operational health. You can use these insights to react and keep your application running smoothly.
Reference: http://aws.amazon.com/cIoudwatch/
Q220. You have multiple VPN connections and want to provide secure communication between sites using the AWS VPN CIoudHub. Which statement is the most accurate in describing what you must do to set this up correctly?
A. Create a virtual private gateway with multiple customer gateways, each with unique Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Autonomous System Numbers (ASNs)
B. Create a virtual private gateway with multiple customer gateways, each with a unique set of keys
C. Create a virtual public gateway with multiple customer gateways, each with a unique Private subnet
D. Create a virtual private gateway with multiple customer gateways, each with unique subnet id
Answer: A
Explanation:
If you have multiple VPN connections, you can provide secure communication between sites using the AWS VPN CIoudHub. The VPN CIoudHub operates on a simple hub-and-spoke model that you can use with or without a VPC. This design is suitable for customers with multiple branch offices and existing Internet connections who'd like to implement a convenient, potentially low-cost hub-and-spoke model for primary or backup connectMty between these remote offices.
To use the AWS VPN CIoudHub, you must create a virtual private gateway with multiple customer
gateways, each with unique Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Autonomous System Numbers (ASNs). Customer gateways advertise the appropriate routes (BGP prefixes) over their VPN connections. These routing advertisements are received and re-advertised to each BGP peer, enabling each site to send data to and receive data from the other sites. The routes for each spoke must have unique ASNs and the sites must not have overlapping IP ranges. Each site can also send and receive data from the VPC as if they were using a standard VPN connection.
Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonVPC/latest/UserGuide/VPN_CIoudHub.htmI