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Q111. Your company is getting ready to do a major public announcement of a social media site on AWS. The website is running on EC2 instances deployed across multiple Availability Zones with a MuIti-AZ RDS MySQL Extra Large DB Instance. The site performs a high number of small reads and writes per second and relies on an eventual consistency model. After comprehensive tests you discover that there is read contention on RDS MySQL. Which are the best approaches to meet these requirements? (Choose 2 answers)
A. Deploy EIasticCache in-memory cache running in each availability zone
B. Implement sharding to distribute load to multiple RDS MySQL instances
C. Increase the RDS MySQL Instance size and Implement provisioned IQPS
D. Add an RDS MySQL read replica in each availability zone
Answer: A, C
Q112. What are the four levels of AWS Premium Support?
A. Basic, Developer, Business, Enterprise
B. Basic, Startup, Business, Enterprise
C. Free, Bronze, Silver, Gold
D. All support is free
Answer: A
Q113. Refer to the architecture diagram above of a batch processing solution using Simple Queue Service (SQS) to set up a message queue between EC2 instances which are used as batch processors Cloud Watch monitors the number of Job requests (queued messages) and an Auto Scaling group adds or deletes
batch sewers automatically based on parameters set in Cloud Watch alarms. You can use this architecture to implement which of the following features in a cost effective and efficient manner?
A. Reduce the overall lime for executing jobs through parallel processing by allowing a busy EC2 instance that receives a message to pass it to the next instance in a daisy-chain setup.
B. Implement fault tolerance against EC2 instance failure since messages would remain in SQS and worn can continue with recovery of EC2 instances implement fault tolerance against SQS failure by backing up messages to 53.
C. Implement message passing between EC2 instances within a batch by exchanging messages through SQS.
D. Coordinate number of EC2 instances with number of job requests automatically thus Improving cost effectiveness.
E. Handle high priority jobs before lower priority jobs by assigning a priority metadata fie Id to SQS messages.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Reference:
There are cases where a large number of batch jobs may need processing, and where the jobs may need to be re-prioritized.
For example, one such case is one where there are differences between different levels of services for unpaid users versus subscriber users (such as the time until publication) in services enabling, for example, presentation fi les to be uploaded for publication from a web browser. When the user uploads a presentation file, the conversion processes, for example, for publication are performed as batch
processes on the system side, and the file is published after the conversion. Is it then necessary to be able to assign the level of priority to the batch processes for each type of subscriber.
Explanation of the Cloud Solution/Pattern
A queue is used in controlling batch jobs. The queue need only be provided with priority numbers. Job requests are controlled by the queue, and the job requests in the queue are processed by a batch server. In Cloud computing, a highly reliable queue is provided as a service, which you can use to
structure a highly reliable batch system with ease. You may prepare multiple queues depending on priority levels, with job requests put into the queues depending on their priority levels, to apply prioritization to batch processes. The performance (number) of batch servers corresponding to a queue must be in accordance with the priority level thereof.
Implementation
In AWS, the queue service is the Simple Queue Service (SQS). MuItipIe SQS queues may be prepared to prepare queues for indMdual priority levels (with a priority queue and a secondary queue).
Moreover, you may also use the message Delayed Send function to delay process execution. Use SQS to prepare multiple queues for the indMdual priority levels.
Place those processes to be executed immediately (job requests) in the high priority queue. Prepare numbers of batch servers, for processing the job requests of the queues, depending on the priority levels.
Queues have a message "Delayed Send" function. You can use this to delay the time for starting a process.
Configuration
Benefits
You can increase or decrease the number of servers for processing jobs to change automatically the processing speeds of the priority queues and secondary queues.
You can handle performance and service requirements through merely increasing or decreasing the number of EC2 instances used in job processing.
Even if an EC2 were to fail, the messages (jobs) would remain in the queue service, enabling processing to be continued immediately upon recovery of the EC2 instance, producing a system that is robust to failure.
Cautions
Depending on the balance between the number of EC2 instances for performing the processes and the number of messages that are queued, there may be cases where processing in the secondary queue may be completed first, so you need to monitor the processing speeds in the primary queue and the secondary queue.
Q114. You need to change some settings on Amazon Relational Database Service but you do not want the database to reboot immediately which you know might happen depending on the setting that you change. Which of the following will cause an immediate DB instance reboot to occur?
A. You change storage type from standard to PIOPS, and Apply Immediately is set to true.
B. You change the DB instance class, and Apply Immediately is set to false.
C. You change a static parameter in a DB parameter group.
D. You change the backup retention period for a DB instance from 0 to a nonzero value or from a nonzero value to 0, and Apply Immediately is set to false.
Answer: A
Explanation:
A DB instance outage can occur when a DB instance is rebooted, when the DB instance is put into a state that prevents access to it, and when the database is restarted. A reboot can occur when you manually reboot your DB instance or when you change a DB instance setting that requires a reboot before it can take effect.
A DB instance reboot occurs immediately when one of the following occurs:
You change the backup retention period for a DB instance from 0 to a nonzero value or from a nonzero value to 0 and set Apply Immediately to true.
You change the DB instance class, and Apply Immediately is set to true.
You change storage type from standard to PIOPS, and Apply Immediately is set to true.
A DB instance reboot occurs during the maintenance window when one of the following occurs:
You change the backup retention period for a DB instance from 0 to a nonzero value or from a nonzero value to 0, and Apply Immediately is set to false.
You change the DB instance class, and Apply Immediately is set to false. Reference:
http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/CHAP_Troub|eshooting.htm|#CHAP_TroubI eshooting.Security
Q115. Groups can't _.
A. be nested more than 3 levels
B. be nested at all
C. be nested more than 4 levels
D. be nested more than 2 levels
Answer: B
Q116. You are setting up some IAM user policies and have also become aware that some services support resource-based permissions, which let you attach policies to the service's resources instead of to IAM users or groups. Which of the below statements is true in regards to resource-level permissions?
A. All services support resource-level permissions for all actions.
B. Resource-level permissions are supported by Amazon CIoudFront
C. All services support resource-level permissions only for some actions.
D. Some services support resource-level permissions only for some actions.
Answer: D
Explanation:
AWS Identity and Access Management is a web service that enables Amazon Web Services (AWS) customers to manage users and user permissions in AWS. The service is targeted at organizations with multiple users or systems that use AWS products such as Amazon EC2, Amazon RDS, and the AWS Management Console. With IAM, you can centrally manage users, security credentials such as access keys, and permissions that control which AWS resources users can access.
In addition to supporting IAM user policies, some services support resource-based permissions, which let you attach policies to the service's resources instead of to IAM users or groups. Resource-based permissions are supported by Amazon S3, Amazon SNS, and Amazon SQS.
The resource-level permissions service supports IAM policies in which you can specify indMdual resources using Amazon Resource Names (ARNs) in the poIicy's Resource element.
Some services support resource-level permissions only for some actions.
Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/IAM/latest/UserGuide/Using_SpecificProducts.html
Q117. Will my standby RDS instance be in the same Region as my primary?
A. Only for Oracle RDS types
B. Yes
C. Only if configured at launch
D. No
Answer: B
Q118. All Amazon EC2 instances are assigned two IP addresses at launch. Which are those?
A. 2 Elastic IP addresses
B. A private IP address and an Elastic IP address
C. A public IP address and an Elastic IP address
D. A private IP address and a public IP address
Answer: D
Explanation:
In Amazon EC2-Classic every instance is given two IP Addresses: a private IP address and a public IP address
Reference:
http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/using-instance-addressing.htmI#differences
Q119. In the most recent company meeting, your CEO focused on the fact that everyone in the organization needs to make sure that all of the infrastructure that is built is truly scalable. Which of the following statements is incorrect in reference to scalable architecture?
A. A scalable service is capable of handling heterogeneity.
B. A scalable service is resilient.
C. A scalable architecture won't be cost effective as it grows.
D. Increasing resources results in a proportional increase in performance.
Answer: C
Explanation:
In AWS it is critical to build a scalable architecture in order to take advantage of a scalable infrastructure. The cloud is designed to provide conceptually infinite scalability. However, you cannot leverage all that scalability in infrastructure if your architecture is not scalable. Both have to work together. You will have to identify the monolithic components and bottlenecks in your architecture, identify the areas where you cannot leverage the on-demand provisioning capabilities in your architecture, and work to refactor your application, in order to leverage the scalable infrastructure and take advantage of the cloud.
Characteristics of a truly scalable application:
Increasing resources results in a proportional increase in performance A scalable service is capable of handling heterogeneity
A scalable service is operationally efficient A scalable service is resilient
A scalable service should become more cost effective when it grows (Cost per unit reduces as the number of units increases)
Reference: http://media.amazonwebservices.com/AWS_CIoud_Best_Practices.pdf
Q120. You are setting up some EBS volumes for a customer who has requested a setup which includes a RAID (redundant array of inexpensive disks). AWS has some recommendations for RAID setups. Which RAID setup is not recommended for Amazon EBS?
A. RAID 5 only
B. RAID 5 and RAID 6
C. RAID 1 only
D. RAID 1 and RAID 6
Answer: B
Explanation:
With Amazon EBS, you can use any of the standard RAID configurations that you can use with a traditional bare metal server, as long as that particular RAID configuration is supported by the operating system for your instance. This is because all RAID is accomplished at the software level. For greater I/O performance than you can achieve with a single volume, RAID 0 can stripe multiple volumes together; for on-instance redundancy, RAID 1 can mirror two volumes together.
RAID 5 and RAID 6 are not recommended for Amazon EBS because the parity write operations of these RAID modes consume some of the IOPS available to your volumes.
Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/raid-config.html