AWS-SysOps Exam
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Q1. - (Topic 1)
You are running a web-application on AWS consisting of the following components an Elastic Load Balancer (ELB) an Auto-Scaling Group of EC2 instances running Linux/PHP/Apache, and Relational DataBase Service (RDS) MySQL.
Which security measures fall into AWS's responsibility?
A. Protect the EC2 instances against unsolicited access by enforcing the principle of least-privilege access
B. Protect against IP spoofing or packet sniffing
C. Assure all communication between EC2 instances and ELB is encrypted
D. Install latest security patches on ELB. RDS and EC2 instances
Answer: B
Q2. - (Topic 3)
A user has created a VPC with CIDR 20.0.0.0/16. The user has created one subnet with CIDR 20.0.0.0/16 by mistake. The user is trying to create another subnet of CIDR 20.0.0.1/24. How can the user create the second subnet?
A. There is no need to update the subnet as VPC automatically adjusts the CIDR of the first subnet based on the second subnet’s CIDR
B. The user can modify the first subnet CIDR from the console
C. It is not possible to create a second subnet as one subnet with the same CIDR as the VPC has been created
D. The user can modify the first subnet CIDR with AWS CLI
Answer: D
Explanation:
A Virtual Private Cloud (VPC. is a virtual network dedicated to the user’s AWS account. A user can create a subnet with VPC and launch instances inside the subnet. The user can create a subnet with the same size of VPC. However, he cannot create any other subnet since the CIDR of the second subnet will conflict with the first subnet. The user cannot modify the CIDR of a subnet once it is created. Thus, in this case if required, the user has to delete the subnet and create new subnets.
Q3. - (Topic 3)
A user is using Cloudformation to launch an EC2 instance and then configure an application after the instance is launched. The user wants the stack creation of ELB and AutoScaling to wait until the EC2 instance is launched and configured properly. How can the user configure this?
A. It is not possible that the stack creation will wait until one service is created and launched
B. The user can use the HoldCondition resource to wait for the creation of the other dependent resources
C. The user can use the DependentCondition resource to hold the creation of the other dependent resources
D. The user can use the WaitCondition resource to hold the creation of the other dependent resources
Answer: D
Explanation:
AWS Cloudformation is an application management tool which provides application modelling, deployment, configuration, management and related activities. AWS CloudFormation provides a WaitCondition resource which acts as a barrier and blocks the creation of other resources until a completion signal is received from an external source, such as a user application or management system.
Q4. - (Topic 1)
You are tasked with the migration of a highly trafficked Node JS application to AWS In order to comply with organizational standards Chef recipes must be used to configure the application servers that host this application and to support application lifecycle events.
Which deployment option meets these requirements while minimizing administrative burden?
A. Create a new stack within Opsworks add the appropriate layers to the stack and deploy the application
B. Create a new application within Elastic Beanstalk and deploy this application to a new environment
C. Launch a Mode JS server from a community AMI and manually deploy the application to the launched EC2 instance
D. Launch and configure Chef Server on an EC2 instance and leverage the AWS CLI to launch application servers and configure those instances using Chef.
Answer: B
Explanation: Reference:
http://docs.aws.amazon.com/elasticbeanstalk/latest/dg/using-features.deployment.html
Q5. - (Topic 3)
An organization has configured Auto Scaling with ELB. One of the instance health check returns the status as Impaired to Auto Scaling. What will Auto Scaling do in this scenario?
A. Perform a health check until cool down before declaring that the instance has failed
B. Terminate the instance and launch a new instance
C. Notify the user using SNS for the failed state
D. Notify ELB to stop sending traffic to the impaired instance
Answer: B
Explanation:
The Auto Scaling group determines the health state of each instance periodically by checking the results of the Amazon EC2 instance status checks. If the instance status description shows any other state other than “running” or the system status description shows impaired, Auto Scaling considers the instance to be unhealthy. Thus, it terminates the instance and launches a replacement.
Q6. - (Topic 3)
An organization has setup Auto Scaling with ELB. Due to some manual error, one of the instances got
rebooted. Thus, it failed the Auto Scaling health check. Auto Scaling has marked it for replacement. How can the system admin ensure that the instance does not get terminated?
A. Update the Auto Scaling group to ignore the instance reboot event
B. It is not possible to change the status once it is marked for replacement
C. Manually add that instance to the Auto Scaling group after reboot to avoid replacement
D. Change the health of the instance to healthy using the Auto Scaling commands
Answer: D
Explanation:
After an instance has been marked unhealthy by Auto Scaling, as a result of an Amazon EC2 or ELB health check, it is almost immediately scheduled for replacement as it will never automatically recover its health. If the user knows that the instance is healthy then he can manually call the SetInstanceHealth action (or the as-setinstance- health command from CLI. to set the instance's health status back to healthy. Auto Scaling will throw an error if the instance is already terminating or else it will mark it healthy.
Q7. - (Topic 2)
A user has created a queue named “myqueue” with SQS. There are four messages published to queue which are not received by the consumer yet. If the user tries to delete the queue, what will happen?
A. A user can never delete a queue manually. AWS deletes it after 30 days of inactivity on queue
B. It will delete the queue
C. It will initiate the delete but wait for four days before deleting until all messages are deleted automatically.
D. I t will ask user to delete the messages first
Answer: B
Explanation:
SQS allows the user to move data between distributed components of applications so they can perform different tasks without losing messages or requiring each component to be always available. The user can delete a queue at any time, whether it is empty or not. It is important to note that queues retain messages for a set period of time. By default, a queue retains messages for four days.
Q8. - (Topic 3)
A user has enabled versioning on an S3 bucket. The user is using server side encryption for data at rest. If the user is supplying his own keys for encryption (SSE-C., what is recommended to the user for the purpose of security?
A. The user should not use his own security key as it is not secure
B. Configure S3 to rotate the user’s encryption key at regular intervals
C. Configure S3 to store the user’s keys securely with SSL
D. Keep rotating the encryption key manually at the client side
Answer: D
Explanation:
AWS S3 supports client side or server side encryption to encrypt all data at Rest. The server side encryption can either have the S3 supplied AES-256 encryption key or the user can send the key along with each API call to supply his own encryption key (SSE-C.. Since S3 does not store the encryption keys in SSE-C, it is recommended that the user should manage keys securely and keep rotating them regularly at the client side version.
Q9. - (Topic 3)
A user has granted read/write permission of his S3 bucket using ACL. Which of the below mentioned options is a valid ID to grant permission to other AWS accounts (grantee. using ACL?
A. IAM User ID
B. S3 Secure ID
C. Access ID
D. Canonical user ID
Answer: D
Explanation:
An S3 bucket ACL grantee can be an AWS account or one of the predefined Amazon S3 groups. The user can grant permission to an AWS account by the email address of that account or by the canonical user ID. If the user provides an email in the grant request, Amazon S3 finds the canonical user ID for that account and adds it to the ACL. The resulting ACL will always contain the canonical user ID for the AWS account, and not the AWS account's email address.
Q10. - (Topic 3)
A user is displaying the CPU utilization, and Network in and Network out CloudWatch metrics data of a single instance on the same graph. The graph uses one Y-axis for CPU utilization and Network in and another Y-axis for Network out. Since Network in is too high, the CPU utilization data is not visible clearly on graph to the user. How can the data be viewed better on the same graph?
A. It is not possible to show multiple metrics with the different units on the same graph
B. Add a third Y-axis with the console to show all the data in proportion
C. Change the axis of Network by using the Switch command from the graph
D. Change the units of CPU utilization so it can be shown in proportion with Network
Answer: C
Explanation:
Amazon CloudWatch provides the functionality to graph the metric data generated either by the AWS services or the custom metric to make it easier for the user to analyse. It is possible to show the multiple metrics with different units on the same graph. If the graph is not plotted properly due to a difference in the unit data over two metrics, the user can change the Y-axis of one of the graph by selecting that graph and clicking on the Switch option.