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NEW QUESTION 1
Since the implementation of IPv6 on the company network, the security administrator has been unable to identify the users associated with certain devices utilizing IPv6 addresses, even when the devices are centrally managed.
en1: flags=8863<UP,BROADCAST,SMART,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether f8:1e:af:ab:10:a3
inet6 fw80::fa1e:dfff:fee6:9d8%en1 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x5 inet 192.168.1.14 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.1.255 inet6 2001:200:5:922:1035:dfff:fee6:9dfe prefixlen 64 autoconf
inet6 2001:200:5:922:10ab:5e21:aa9a:6393 prefixlen 64 autoconf temporary nd6 options=1<PERFORMNUD>
media: autoselect status: active
Given this output, which of the following protocols is in use by the company and what can the system administrator do to positively map users with IPv6 addresses in the future? (Select TWO).
Answer: BG
Explanation:
IPv6 makes use of the Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP). Thus if your routers implement NDP you will be able to map users with IPv6 addresses. However to be able to positively map users with IPv6 addresses you will need to disable IPv6 privacy extensions.
Incorrect Answers:
A: Devices making use of the EUI-64 format means that the last 64 bits of IPv6 unicast addresses are used for interface identifiers. This is not shown in the exhibit above.
C: 6to4 tunneling is used to connect IPv6 hosts or networks to each other over an IPv4 backbone. This type of tunneling is not going to ensure positive future mapping of users on the network. Besides 6to4 does not require configured tunnels because it can be implemented in border routers without a great deals of router configuration.
D: The exhibit is not displaying that the router IPv6 has been disabled. The IPv6 Neighbor Discovery's Router Advertisement message contains an 8-bit field reserved for single-bit flags. Several protocols have reserved flags in this field and others are preparing to reserve a sufficient number of flags to exhaust the field.
E: Disabling the tunneling of IPv6 does not ensure positive future IPv6 addressing.
F: The IPv6 router flag is used to maintain reachability information about paths to active neighbors, thus it should not be disabled if you want to ensure positive mapping of users in future.
H: DHCPv6 is a network protocol for configuring IPv6 hosts with IP addresses, IP prefixes and other configuration data that is necessary to function properly in an IPv6 network. This should not be disabled.
References:
Gregg, Michael, and Billy Haines, CASP CompTIA Advanced Security Practitioner Study Guide, John Wiley & Sons, Indianapolis, 2012, pp. 49
http://wwwHYPERLINK "http://www.tcpipguide.com/free/t_IPv6InterfaceIdentifiersandPhysicalAddressMapping- 2.htm".HYPERLINK
"http://www.tcpipguide.com/free/t_IPv6InterfaceIdentifiersandPhysicalAddressMapping- 2.htm"tcpipguide.com/free/t_IPv6InterfaceIdentifiersandPhysicalAddressMapping-2.htm
NEW QUESTION 2
A network engineer wants to deploy user-based authentication across the company’s wired and wireless infrastructure at layer 2 of the OSI model. Company policies require that users be centrally managed and authenticated and that each user’s network access be controlled based on the user’s role within the company. Additionally, the central authentication system must support hierarchical trust and the ability to natively authenticate mobile devices and workstations. Which of the following are needed to implement these requirements? (Select TWO).
Answer: CD
Explanation:
RADIUS is commonly used for the authentication of WiFi connections. We can use LDAP and RADIUS for the authentication of users and devices.
LDAP and RADIUS have something in common. They‘re both mainly protocols (more than a database) which uses attributes to carry information back and forth. They‘re clearly defined in RFC documents so you can expect products from different vendors to be able to function properly together.
RADIUS is NOT a database. It’s a protocol for asking intelligent questions to a user database. LDAP is just a database. In recent offerings it contains a bit of intelligence (like Roles, Class of Service and so on) but it still is mainly just a rather stupid database. RADIUS (actually RADIUS servers like FreeRADIUS) provide the administrator the tools to not only perform user authentication but also to authorize users based on extremely complex checks and logic. For instance you can allow access on a specific NAS only if the user belongs to a certain category, is a member of a specific group and an outside script allows access. There’s no way to perform any type of such complex decisions in a user database.
Incorrect Answers:
A: Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) is an XML-based, open-standard data format for exchanging authentication and authorization data between parties, in particular, between an identity provider and a service provider. It is used for authenticating users, not devices.
B: WAYF stands for Where Are You From. It is a third-party authentication provider used by websites of some online institutions. WAYF does not meet the requirements in this question.
E: Shibboleth is an open-source project that provides Single Sign-On capabilities and allows sites to make informed authorization decisions for individual access of protected online resources. It cannot perform the device authentication required in this question.
F: PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) uses digital certificates to affirm the identity of the certificate subject and bind that identity to the public key contained in the certificate. PKI does not meet the requirements in this question.
References: https://kkalev.wordpress.com/2007/03/17/radius-vs-ldap/
NEW QUESTION 3
A company is in the process of outsourcing its customer relationship management system to a cloud provider. It will host the entire organization’s customer database. The database will be accessed by both the company’s users and its customers. The procurement department has asked what security activities must be performed for the deal to proceed. Which of the following are the MOST appropriate security activities to be performed as part of due diligence? (Select TWO).
Answer: CD
Explanation:
Due diligence refers to an investigation of a business or person prior to signing a contract. Due diligence verifies information supplied by vendors with regards to processes, financials, experience, and performance. Due diligence should verify the data supplied in the RFP and concentrate on the following:
Company profile, strategy, mission, and reputation
Financial status, including reviews of audited financial statements
Customer references, preferably from companies that have outsourced similar processes Management qualifications, including criminal background checks
Process expertise, methodology, and effectiveness Quality initiatives and certifications
Technology, infrastructure stability, and applications Security and audit controls
Legal and regulatory compliance, including any outstanding complaints or litigation Use of subcontractors
Insurance
Disaster recovery and business continuity policies C and D form part of Security and audit controls. Incorrect Answers:
A: A Physical Penetration Test recognizes the security weaknesses and strengths of the physical security. It will, therefore, not form part of due diligence because due diligence verifies information supplied by vendors with regards to processes, financials, experience, and performance.
B: A penetration test is a software attack on a computer system that looks for security weaknesses. It will, therefore, not form part of due diligence because due diligence verifies information supplied by vendors with regards to processes, financials, experience, and performance.
E: A security code review is an examination of an application that is designed to identify and assess threats to an organization. It will, therefore, not form part of due diligence because due diligence verifies information supplied by vendors with regards to processes, financials, experience, and performance.
References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Due_diligence httHYPERLINK
"http://www.ftpress.com/articles/article.aspx?p=465313&seqNum=5"p://www.ftpress.com/articles/
article.aspx?p=465313HYPERLINK "http://www.ftpress.com/articles/article.aspx?p=465313&seqNum=5"&HYPERLINK "http://www.ftpress.com/articles/article.aspx?p=465313&seqNum=5"seqNum=5 http://seclists.org/pen-test/2004/Dec/11
Gregg, Michael, and Billy Haines, CASP CompTIA Advanced Security Practitioner Study Guide, John Wiley & Sons, Indianapolis, 2012, p. 169
NEW QUESTION 4
The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is asking for ways to protect against zero-day explogts. The CISO is concerned that an unrecognized threat could compromise corporate data and result in regulatory fines as well as poor corporate publicity. The network is mostly flat, with split staff/guest wireless functionality. Which of the following equipment MUST be deployed to guard against unknown threats?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Good preventive security practices are a must. These include installing and keeping firewall policies carefully matched to business and application needs, keeping antivirus software updated, blocking
potentially harmful file attachments and keeping all systems patched against known vulnerabilities. Vulnerability scans are a good means of measuring the effectiveness of preventive procedures. Real- time protection: Deploy inline intrusion-prevention systems (IPS) that offer comprehensive protection. When considering an IPS, seek the following capabilities: network-level protection, application integrity checking, application protocol Request for Comment (RFC) validation, content validation and forensics capability. In this case it would be behavior-based IPS with a communication link to a cloud-based vulnerability and threat feed.
Incorrect Answers:
A: A cloud-based anti-virus solution will not protect against a zero-day explogt.
B: Due to the nature of zero-day explogts an off-site data center hosting solution for the company data is not the best protection against a zero-day explogt.
C: The best protection against zero-day explogts are behavior-based IPS and not hos-based heuristic IPS.
References:
Gregg, Michael, and Billy Haines, CASP CompTIA Advanced Security Practitioner Study Guide, John Wiley & Sons, Indianapolis, 2012, p. 194
https://en.wikipedia.orHYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeroday_( computing)"g/wiki/Zero-day_%28computing%29
NEW QUESTION 5
The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of an Internet service provider (ISP) has decided to limit the company’s contribution to worldwide Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. Which of the following should the ISP implement? (Select TWO).
Answer: DE
Explanation:
Since DDOS attacks can originate from nay different devices and thus makes it harder to defend against, one way to limit the company’s contribution to DDOS attacks is to notify customers about any DDOS attack when they run services that are under attack. The company can also block IP sources that are not allocated to customers from the existing SIP’s network.
Incorrect Answers:
A: Blocking traffic is in essence denial of service and this should not be implemented by the company.
B: Preventing the ISP’s customers from querying/accessing other DNS serves is also a denial of service.
C: Making use of vulnerability scanners does not limit a company’s contribution to the DDOS attacks. References:
Gregg, Michael, and Billy Haines, CASP CompTIA Advanced Security Practitioner Study Guide, John Wiley & Sons, Indianapolis, 2012, p. 286
NEW QUESTION 6
A company sales manager received a memo from the company’s financial department which stated that the company would not be putting its software products through the same security testing as previous years to reduce the research and development cost by 20 percent for the upcoming year. The memo also stated that the marketing material and service level agreement for each product would remain unchanged. The sales manager has reviewed the sales goals for the upcoming year and identified an increased target across the software products that will be affected by the financial department’s change. All software products will continue to go through new development in the coming year. Which of the following should the sales manager do to ensure the company stays out of trouble?
Answer: B
Explanation:
To ensure that the company stays out of trouble, the sales manager should enquire about the legal ramifications of the change by consulting with the company’s legal department, particularly as the marketing material is not being amended.
Incorrect Answers:
A: The software product's user groups would not have insight on the legal ramifications of the change by the company, and they might not have knowledge of the service-level agreements or any contracts that the company has with other customers.
C: The sales manager does not have additional background information to provide.
D: Legal information pertaining to internal operations should be obtained from the company’s legal department.
NEW QUESTION 7
An architect was recently hired by a power utility to increase the security posture of the company’s power generation and distribution sites. Upon review, the architect identifies legacy hardware with highly vulnerable and unsupported software driving critical operations. These systems must exchange data with each other, be highly synchronized, and pull from the Internet time sources.
Which of the following architectural decisions would BEST reduce the likelihood of a successful attack without harming operational capability? (Choose two.)
Answer: BE
NEW QUESTION 8
A security administrator has noticed that an increased number of employees’ workstations are becoming infected with malware. The company deploys an enterprise antivirus system as well as a web content filter, which blocks access to malicious web sites where malware files can be downloaded. Additionally, the company implements technical measures to disable external storage. Which of the following is a technical control that the security administrator should implement next to reduce malware infection?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The question states that the company implements technical measures to disable external storage. This is storage such as USB flash drives and will help to ensure that the users to do not bring unauthorized data that could potentially contain malware into the network.
We should extend this by blocking cloud-based storage software on the company network. This would block access to cloud-based storage services such as Dropbox or OneDrive.
Incorrect Answers:
A: An Acceptable Use Policy is always a good ide
A. However, it just tells the users how they ‘should’
use the company systems. It is not a technical control to prevent malware.
B: A network access control system is used to control access to the network. It does not prevent malware on client computers.
C: Mandatory security awareness training for all employees and contractors is always a good idea. However, it just educates the users about potential security risks. It is not a technical control to prevent malware.
NEW QUESTION 9
An engineer needs to provide access to company resources for several offshore contractors. The contractors require:
Access to a number of applications, including internal websites Access to database data and the ability to manipulate it
The ability to log into Linux and Windows servers remotely
Which of the following remote access technologies are the BEST choices to provide all of this access securely? (Choose two.)
Answer: DE
NEW QUESTION 10
Following a security assessment, the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is reviewing the results of the assessment and evaluating potential risk treatment strategies. As part of the CISO’s
evaluation, a judgment of potential impact based on the identified risk is performed. To prioritize response actions, the CISO uses past experience to take into account the exposure factor as well as the external accessibility of the weakness identified. Which of the following is the CISO performing?
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 11
Joe, a penetration tester, is tasked with testing the security robustness of the protocol between a mobile web application and a RESTful application server. Which of the following security tools would be required to assess the security between the mobile web application and the RESTful application server? (Select TWO).
Answer: DE
Explanation:
Communications between a mobile web application and a RESTful application server will use the
HTTP protocol. To capture the HTTP communications for analysis, you should use an HTTP Interceptor.
To assess the security of the application server itself, you should use a vulnerability scanner.
A vulnerability scan is the automated process of proactively identifying security vulnerabilities of computing systems in a network in order to determine if and where a system can be explogted and/or threatened. While public servers are important for communication and data transfer over the Internet, they open the door to potential security breaches by threat agents, such as malicious hackers.
Vulnerability scanning employs software that seeks out security flaws based on a database of known flaws, testing systems for the occurrence of these flaws and generating a report of the findings that an individual or an enterprise can use to tighten the network's security.
Vulnerability scanning typically refers to the scanning of systems that are connected to the Internet but can also refer to system audits on internal networks that are not connected to the Internet in order to assess the threat of rogue software or malicious employees in an enterprise.
Incorrect Answers:
A: A jailbroken mobile device is a mobile device with an operating system that has any built-in security restrictions removed. This enables you to install software and perform actions that the manufacturer did not intend. However, a jailbroken mobile device is not a suitable security tool to assess the security between the mobile web application and the RESTful application server.
B: Reconnaissance in terms of IT security is the process of learning as much as possible about a target business usually over a long period of time with a view to discovering security flaws. It is not used by security administrators for security assessment of client-server applications.
C: Network enumeration is a computing activity in which usernames and info on groups, shares, and services of networked computers are retrieved. It is not used to assess the security between the mobile web application and the RESTful application server.
F: A password cracker is used to guess passwords. It is not a suitable security tool to assess the security between the mobile web application and the RESTful application server.
References: http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/V/vulneHYPERLINK
"http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/V/vulnerability_scanning.html"rability_scanning.html
NEW QUESTION 12
The security administrator finds unauthorized tables and records, which were not present before, on a Linux database server. The database server communicates only with one web server, which connects to the database server via an account with SELECT only privileges. Web server logs show
the following:
90.76.165.40 – - [08/Mar/2014:10:54:04] “GET calendar.php?create%20table%20hidden HTTP/1.1” 200 5724
90.76.165.40 – - [08/Mar/2014:10:54:05] “GET ../../../root/.bash_history HTTP/1.1” 200 5724 90.76.165.40 – - [08/Mar/2014:10:54:04] “GET index.php?user=<script>Create</script> HTTP/1.1” 200 5724
The security administrator also inspects the following file system locations on the database server using the command ‘ls -al /root’
drwxrwxrwx 11 root root 4096 Sep 28 22:45 .
drwxr-xr-x 25 root root 4096 Mar 8 09:30 ..
-rws------ 25 root root 4096 Mar 8 09:30 .bash_history
-rw------- 25 root root 4096 Mar 8 09:30 .bash_history
-rw------- 25 root root 4096 Mar 8 09:30 .profile
-rw------- 25 root root 4096 Mar 8 09:30 .ssh
Which of the following attacks was used to compromise the database server and what can the security administrator implement to detect such attacks in the future? (Select TWO).
Answer: AF
Explanation:
This is an example of privilege escalation.
Privilege escalation is the act of explogting a bug, design flaw or configuration oversight in an operating system or software application to gain elevated access to resources that are normally protected from an application or user.
The question states that the web server communicates with the database server via an account with SELECT only privileges. However, the privileges listed include read, write and execute (rwx). This suggests the privileges have been ‘escalated’.
Now that we know the system has been attacked, we should investigate what was done to the system.
The command “Update crontab with: find / \( -perm -4000 \) –type f –print0 | xargs -0 ls –l | email.sh” is used to find all the files that are setuid enabled. Setuid means set user ID upon execution. If the setuid bit is turned on for a file, the user executing that executable file gets the permissions of the individual or group that owns the file.
Incorrect Answers:
B: A brute force attack is used to guess passwords. This is not an example of a brute force attack. C: SQL injection is a code injection technique, used to attack data-driven applications, in which malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution (e.g. to dump the database contents to the attacker). This is not an example of a SQL Injection attack.
D: Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a type of computer security vulnerability typically found in Web
applications. XSS enables attackers to inject client-side script into Web pages viewed by other users. This is not an example of an XSS attack.
E: Sanitizing just the <> characters will not prevent such an attack. These characters should not be sanitized in a web application.
G: Adding slashes to the user input will not protect against the input; it will just add slashes to it.
H: An account lockout policy is useful to protect against password attacks. After a number of incorrect passwords, the account will lockout. However, the attack in this question is not a password attack so a lockout policy won’t help.
NEW QUESTION 13
A large enterprise acquires another company which uses antivirus from a different vendor. The CISO has requested that data feeds from the two different antivirus platforms be combined in a way that allows management to assess and rate the overall effectiveness of antivirus across the entire organization. Which of the following tools can BEST meet the CISO’s requirement?
Answer: A
Explanation:
GRC is a discipline that aims to coordinate information and activity across governance, risk management and compliance with the purpose of operating more efficiently, enabling effective information sharing, more effectively reporting activities and avoiding wasteful overlaps. An integrated GRC (iGRC) takes data feeds from one or more sources that detect or sense abnormalities, faults or other patterns from security or business applications.
Incorrect Answers:
B: IPS is a typical sensor type that is included in an iGRC.
C: A configuration management database (CMDB) is defined as a repository that acts as a data warehouse for IT organizations.
D: syslog-ng sends incoming log messages from specified sources to the correct destinations. E: IDS is a typical sensor type that is included in an iGRC.
References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wHYPERLINK
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governance,_risk_management,_and_compliance#Integrated_gover nance.2C_risk_and_compliancy"iki/Governance,_risk_managemeHYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governance,_risk_management,_and_compliance#Integrated_gover nance.2C_risk_and_compliancy"nt,_and_HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governance,_risk_management,_and_compliance#Integrated_gover nance.2C_risk_and_compliancy"compliance#Integrated_governance.2C_risk_and_compliancy https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Syslog-ng
NEW QUESTION 14
The senior security administrator wants to redesign the company DMZ to minimize the risks associated with both external and internal threats. The DMZ design must support security in depth, change management and configuration processes, and support incident reconstruction. Which of the following designs BEST supports the given requirements?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Security in depth is the concept of creating additional layers of security. The traditional approach of securing the IT infrastructure is no longer enough. Today’s threats are multifaceted and often persistent, and traditional network perimeter security controls cannot effectively mitigate them. Organizations need to implement more effective, multi-level security controls that are embedded with their electronic assets. They need to protect key assets from both external and internal threats. This security in depth approach is meant to sustain attacks even when perimeter and traditional controls have been breached.
In this question, using two firewalls to secure the DMZ from both external and internal attacks is the best approach. Having each firewall managed by a separate administrator will reduce the chance of a configuration error being made on both firewalls. The remote logging will enable incident reconstruction.
Incorrect Answers:
B: Depending on the number of interfaces on the firewall, you could protect from external and internal threats with a single firewall although two firewalls is a better solution. However, it is not practical to have separate interfaces on the same firewall managed by different administrators. The firewall rules work together in a hierarchy to determine what traffic is allowed through each interface.
C: A SaaS based firewall can be used to protect cloud resources. However, it is not the best solution for protecting the network in this question.
D: A virtualized firewall could be used. However, multiple instances of the same firewall should be identical. They should not be configured separately by different administrators.
References:
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/entarch/oracle-wp-securiHYPERLINK "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/entarch/oracle-wp-security-ref-arch-1918345.pdf"tyref- arch-1918345.pdf
NEW QUESTION 15
A large enterprise with thousands of users is experiencing a relatively high frequency of malicious activity from the insider threats. Much of the activity appears to involve internal reconnaissance that results in targeted attacks against privileged users and network file shares. Given this scenario, which of the following would MOST likely prevent or deter these attacks? (Choose two.)
Answer: CD
NEW QUESTION 16
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